![]() It often establishes multiple trunks unless pruned to a single stem when young. ‘Chalk Maple’: ‘Chalk Maple’, a rare southern variation of sugar maple, is a small tree with an oval to rounded crown, and distinctly chalky white bark. Pruning is required to maintain a symmetrical appearance. ‘Caddo’ is susceptible to powdery mildew and anthracnose. Dark green foliage turns hues of gold and red in fall. Small, green flowers appear in spring, followed by samaras that ripen in fall. It has a slow to medium growth rate, reaching heights of 45 to 55 feet, with a 25 to 35 foot spread. ‘Caddo’: ‘Caddo’ sugar maple is a medium sized tree that flourishes in hot, dry conditions. Attractive green foliage turns a resplendent orange in fall. Pale yellowish-green flowers emerge in spring, followed by samaras that ripen in fall. ‘Bonfire’ requires full sun exposure, and moist soil conditions to thrive. It grows at a medium rate, reaching up to 50 feet in height, with a 35 foot spread. ‘Bonfire’: ‘Bonfire’ sugar maple is a dense, tall tree with a high canopy, and an ovate form. ‘Astis’ is heat tolerant and drought resistant. Light green flowers emerge in spring, followed by dark green foliage that becomes bright yellow in fall. It grows 45 to 55 feet tall, and 25 to 30 feet wide. ‘Astis’: ‘Astis’ sugar maple, also referred to as Steeple sugar maple, is a medium sized tree with an upright growth habit, and a symmetrical crown. ![]() Foliage is dark green in summer, brightening to shades of yellow, orange, and scarlet in fall. Inconspicuous green flowers emerge just prior to leaf expansion, followed by clusters of samaras that ripen in early fall. It grows between 50 and 60 feet in height, with a 25 to 35 foot spread. ‘Arrowhead’: ‘Arrowhead’ sugar maple is a dense selection with an upright, pyramidal growth habit. ‘Apollo’ exhibits an increased resistance to Japanese beetles. Dark green foliage is resistant to summer heat, and turns vibrant shades of yellow, orange, and red in fall. The tree’s unique shape enables it to be planted in tight quarters. It reaches up to 30 feet in height, with a 10 foot spread. ‘Apollo’: ‘Apollo’ sugar maple is a narrow, columnar tree with dense branching, and a compact form. The following examines some of the most notable varieties, including ‘Apollo’, ‘Arrowhead’, ‘Astis’, ‘Bonfire’, ‘Caddo’, ‘Chalk Maple’, ‘Columnar’, ‘Fall Fiesta’, and ‘Goldspire’. Sugar maple cultivars are available for commercial use in retail stores and nurseries across North America. The tree’s branch architecture, hardiness, and splendorous fall color make it an ideal choice for planting. Sugar maple is one the most frequently selected hardwoods for cultivation. This is the first half of a two part series on sugar maple cultivars.
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